Not one or two, but THREE petitions for MARTA expansion

There is growing, strong citizen interest for the most talked-about MARTA expansion plan since the transit agency was created.

(Photo: LWV)
Last Thursday, Sen. Brandon Beach's bill flexing a 0.5% sales tax to MARTA (known as SB330) passed the GA Senate Transportation Committee 8-3. The bill still has to be voted by the full GA legislature.

Citizens must continue to push officials until the MARTA referendum is held and passed by residents. If passed, $4 billion could be raised and matched to build and operate the proposed MARTA extensions. Citizens have now at least THREE related petitions they can sign:
  1. "Support MARTA Expansion in Metro Atlanta" by Advance Atlanta. On the concepts outlined in the proposed map and the general legislative process.
  2. "Support The Red Line to North Fulton – It’s About Time" by M. Hadden. Focused on Roswell and North Fulton areas and the general legislative process.
  3. "Put MARTA rail expansion in north Fulton County on the November 2016 ballot" by B. Smith. This one is geared to county commissioners, who are responsible for holding the MARTA referendum if SB330 passes the GA legislature.
  4. John's Creek wants MARTA - Facebook page that provides the facts and benefits of the proposed expansion in John's Creek.
Start by picking your petition! Then you can contact the individuals and organizations behind the petitions and learn how you can help make the MARTA expansion happen. 

IEEE PES Atlanta: Space Solar Power

This week at the IEEE PES Atlanta lunch event, the topic was on space solar power (SSP) . The presenter was Space Solar Power Institute President Derel Preble. Here are my notes from his presentation.


NASA started research on SSP in the 1980s. The principle is relatively simple: harvest photovoltaic (PV) energy from solar rays in the space before they get attenuated by the Earth's atmosphere, then transmit that energy to the ground using a low density microwave beam. Such beam would not be attenuated by the atmosphere. The energy from the beam would be collected using antennas rectifiers ("rectennas"). Each geo-orbit satellite could provide 1 GW of power. Northrop Grumman has committed $17 million for SSP research at Caltech to further advance the field.


There are big advantages to this concept, shown in the photo above:
  • Maximized PV energy collection,
  • Reduced transmission losses to the ground,
  • 24-hour availability without weather sensitivity,
  • Dispatchability (can modulate output anytime),
  • Reduced land use, with dual-use of land for farming.
The major drawbacks are the high financial and engineering risks:
  • Prohibitive cost to build/launch satellites (sweet spot at $150/lb with reusable rockets),
  • Challenges harvesting/capturing the energy transmitted from the satellites,
  • Maintenance of the equipment in space (by robots),
  • Effective, large scale storage (compressed air seems most cost effective).
Space solar power should be transmitted on a reserved microwave frequency, such as 5.8 GHz, to avoid interference with other equipment. Microwave ovens operate at 2.5 GHz. The Georgia Tech students in Prof. Durgin's lab presented their work on building a cost-effective rectenna to harvest 5.8 GHz microwaves using off-the-shelf products (e.g. a regular printer). They are able to use the energy from an emitter one meter away to power a diode!


Derel Preble noted important aspects of offsetting fossil fuels and carbon emissions:
  • There are no actions in place to mitigate rising CO2 levels (EPA hearing Atlanta Nov. 2015).
  • High CO2 levels decreases the nitrogen nutrients absorbed by plants, negatively affecting cattle quality in turn.
  • While high fuel prices tend to lead to recessions, the economy doesn't improve with low fuel prices after a recession as consumers struggle to recover.
  • Energy ROI (EROI) must be considered when designing renewable energy production and storage. "Buffered" EROI is half when including storage (energy buffers) because of the energy involved to build the storage technology. Derel Preble mentions that it is not worth the EROI trying to store PV and wind output.
In conclusion, I am excited to learn about space solar power because it is an opportunity to make the most of our Sun. What is still unknown is whether launching costs will be favorable, and whether the technology to harvest energy beams is feasible.

Retrospective: Delta Gold Medallion Status


As you might know, I had Gold Medallion status with Delta for the last two years, and that was a lot of fun. Before that, I was Silver Medallion for a year. I will hold no status for 2016 until I requalify. You need to fly 25,000 miles a year for Silver, 50,000 miles for Gold, and meet minimum spend. Here is a quick recap of what I got to enjoy.
  • Extra baggage allowance.
  • Sky Priority for you and your luggage on all SkyTeam airlines worldwide.
  • Random TSA PreCheck access once in a while. (UPDATE: happens even without elite status)
  • Additional bonus miles per trip.
  • Premium phone line for customer service with amazing reps.
  • You get called by name when interacting with agents.
  • Free same-day confirmed or standby, with priority.
  • Drink tickets and luggage tags. (UPDATE: Gold Medallions don't get luggage tags anymore)
  • Free access to preferred seats (exit row on the A330!) and Delta Comfort+ seats when available.
  • Complimentary upgrades to First Class and medium-haul Business Class on Delta
    • 40% of the time on short and medium haul flights.
    • 1 involuntary upgrade to Premium Economy on a partner airline.
  • Free lounge access on international itineraries
    • Delta Sky Club: 6x
    • Salons Air France: 7x
    • KLM Crown Lounge: 3x
    • And a few more!

There are only 2 perks that I have not used:
  • Guaranteed reservations on long-haul, oversold international flights. This one is scary, you need to buy a full-fare ticket 24 hours in advance for that.
  • Medallion parking lot at Turner Field (the Braves Stadium). Better access the ball park by transit!

Overall, status comes with some nice tokens of appreciation, especially when you travel often. The biggest perks are lounge access and Sky Priority access, especially with international travel, which makes 2/3 of my trips. I will miss these perks, but hey why bother if I don't spend too much time in the air anymore?

Twitter good for short posts

I have been experimenting with Twitter recently. My handle is @bdenergytransit. You may see my tweets and retweets on the right sidebar of this page.

Going forward, most of the content will come from Twitter because of how easy it is to post and tag using mobile devices. I tried with the Blogger app, but there are too many shortcomings that are not worth fighting. Plus, Twitter makes it very easy to find and to follow and grab content from others you don't necessarily know.

At times I think I still need to elaborate, and the longer posts will continue to appear on this blog. So far so good, I don't have to spend too much time publishing AND formatting the posts. Let's see how that goes in the future.

Three (Updated: Four) things the Atlanta Streetcar needs to get right


The Atlanta Streetcar just celebrated its first year in operation with the introduction of a $1 paid fare requirement ("A buck is fare"). Here are a few things I think officials need to get right for the Atlanta Streetcar to bring a competitive value proposition:
  • Service frequency
    Currently, the streetcar runs every 15 mins, with two trains in service out of a fleet of four.
    • For a downtown line this short, daytime headways should be 10 mins or less to match MARTA's peak rail service.
  • Fare integration and transfer policy
    Having to pay separate fares when transferring between MARTA and the streetcar makes the streetcar unattractive money-wise for those who would use the streetcar as a last-mile connection. Here is a suggestion and an opportunity to integrate all regional fares:
    • $1 fare
      • A one-way single-ride ticket on the streetcar, no transfers.
    • $2.50 cash fare (Regional One-Way):
      • A single-ride ticket on the streetcar, and
      • A transfer to MARTA rail/buses or CCT/GCT local routes.
    • $5.00 cash fare (Express One-Way)
      • A single-ride ticket on the streetcar, and
      • A transfer to MARTA rail/buses and any GRTA, CCT, GCT bus (express/local).
    • MARTA fare products accepted. Customers holding MARTA passes (and maybe later regional passes) would receive, upon validation:
      • A single-ride ticket on the streetcar, and
      • A transfer to MARTA rail/buses.
        In addition, customers transferring from MARTA would receive a single-ride ticket at no additional cost. 
    • Of course, this suggestion requires loading transfers on the customer's Breeze Card at the time of validation, and using the financial clearinghouse to distribute fare revenue.
  • Traffic signal priority
    The streetcar will often get stuck at traffic lights with long red cycles, drastically slowing travel and service frequency on the already short downtown loop. Sadly, travel speeds are currently so low that walking is only marginally slower than taking the streetcar. Removing wait times at traffic lights would go a long way in improving service speeds and frequency.
    • Officials should implement traffic signal priority at all streetcar intersections, with appropriate timing of green and red lights upon train approach (extension or shortening depending on location, accommodating for stops).
  • Schedules and real-time information
    Only "hours of operation" for the line are shown. To remove ambiguity in determining if service has ended, especially towards to close of service, here is what needs to happen:
    • The times of the first and last trains for each stop/destination should be posted.
    • Real-time and other arrival information should be displayed, and data published for OneBusAway to use. Displays may need new electronic signs or using vending machine screens already available at each stop.
In most of my trips to the MLK district, the $1 fare without transfers is not attractive enough to justify paying for it. I would get there faster taking MARTA to King Memorial station and walk a few blocks, rather than waiting at Peachtree Center. On the way back at night, it is already faster for me to time bus 99 rather than waiting for a streetcar and then for another MARTA train.
 
In conclusion, the threefour major gaps in the Atlanta Streetcar operation are around the frequency, transfer policy, travel times, and schedules/real-time signage. Addressing any of these gaps would make the streetcar way more appealing than it is now.

State of MARTA Breakfast Recap

On Thursday I went to the third annual State of MARTA breakfast. Sold out, full house, with invited members of the press and local organizations. I'm summarizing a few highlights in this post, and below I'm including the #MARTAredefined Twitter feed for the event.


For the highlights:
  • The new imperatives for MARTA are S.E.A.T.: Service, Economy, Arts, Technology.  
  • MARTA board chairman Robbie Ashe quoted to say "we can't efficiency ourselves to expansion." Moves to push referendum in City of Atlanta, Fulton, DeKalb to build the rail line extensions to Alpharetta, Stonecrest, and the Emory/Clifton line.
  • MARTA employees were recognized, as well as retired couple who helped a student fix his tie on MARTA.
  • Guest speaker and Stanford professor Tony Seba explains the disruptive nature of energy technology on transportation (price point, efficiency, electric vehicles) and that car ownership in cities will decrease over time. New technologies will enable on-demand transportation.
  • MARTA CEO Keith Parker announces a MARTA Arts task force, systemwide WiFi for 2018, and hints at a fleet of MARTA autonomous cars that could take you from a transit stop to your final destination.  He speaks of moving from "Happy MARTA" to "Transformed MARTA" to "Super MARTA."
  • MARTA Army announces new program for crowdfunding of transit amenities, where communities around select bus stops will be able to pool money towards purchase and maintenance of benches and shelters.
Topics that could have been more developed:
  • CEO Parker mentioned about the comprehensive operations analysis and a resulting service overhaul, but still no word yet on what the outcomes are going to be.
  • Parker mentioned about the gap between rail and bus customers. I would have liked to hear more about streamlining connections between the two modes.
In conclusion, it was a well attended event with recaps of the initiatives taken to date and directions for future improvements that we can't wait to happen. Good job MARTA!

Fw: Getting over Uber

Via medium.com and Slashdot

Requesting car service - Photo Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP/Getty Images via Mark Warner/Flickr


Here is an interesting view of why Uber, the ever popular rideshare service, may not live up to its potential to improve public transportation in urban areas. The writer makes a case of rules that apply to taxi companies (for the good of the public?) but not Uber. A critique said the competition that Uber provides helped improve transportation options. Let's see how Uber, its competitors (Lyft, ...) and taxi service respond to each other in the next few years.


Operation TimelyTrip in the making - Part 1: Mininum Viable Product


As the creator of MARTA Army's Operation TimelyTrip, I wanted to pause a moment and write about how Operation TimelyTrip went from the proof-of-concept stage last year to full launch. This post focuses on the short proof-of-concept (the minimum viable product) stage. Operation TimelyTrip is MARTA Army's first initiative, with volunteers ("soldiers") adopting 50 bus stops on the first day at Transportation Camp, and more stops being adopted and outfitted with printed schedules as MARTA Army visits different communities in Atlanta.

Because it is independent of MARTA, MARTA Army can execute experiments and fast pivot/persevere cycles that otherwise would be very difficult to implement. TimelyTrip is the poster example of a fast-cycle experiment that will lead to recommendations on how MARTA and the Atlanta region can successfully implement a system-wide bus signage program. 

MARTA Army Operation TimelyTrip signs.

 

Minimum Viable Product (MVP)

A minimum viable product (MVP), sometimes called proof-of-concept, is the cheapest thing I needed to show to prospective clients/sponsors that embodies the concept you are trying to promote. You should be able to do live demonstrations with it.

For TimelyTrip, the concept is to draw people to take the bus. So, the minimum viable product was a sheet of paper with printed schedules inserted into a job ticket holder that as already attached at one bus stop in Midtown Atlanta. 

TimelyTrip proof-of-concept

If you compare the minimum viable product and the "finished" product, they don't look anywhere close. The minimum viable product does not include names, logos, colors, and only includes core features:
  • A simple call to action: "Take the bus to X and Y..."
  • Routes serving the stop.
  • Combined schedule by service days for that particular stop (two routes on identical routing from the stop).
  • A QR code that points to the old OneBusAway site, and some text telling people that it was something they could scan and what they would get from it.
  • Disclaimers.
Behind the scenes:
  • I pulled the times for that stop from the database that MARTA publishes in GTFS format (the same data that goes on Google Maps), so yes there is quite a bit of tech involved even for a minimum viable product.
  • I pasted the times into a spreadsheet for basic formatting.
  • I pasted the old OneBusAway URL into a QR code generator and captured the picture.
  • I printed the sign on letter paper and black and white.
Note that bus stops with printed schedules already exist in Atlanta, however there is a gap with the information provided and the information needed:
  • In Cobb County, most CCT bus stops signs show route numbers and have a smaller sign with printed schedules.
  • Only MARTA shelters and a few other stops provide printed schedules.
  • MARTA CCT printed schedules at bus stops only provides departure times at time points, not the times for a specific stops.
  • Neither CCT or MARTA provides access to real-time arrivals for people waiting at a particular bus stop. To access real-time arrivals, riders must go to a website or navigate an app on their smartphone. 

 

First Milestones

In the innovation accounting principle from Eric Ries's Lean Startup, the performance of minimum viable products should be measured, and a decision of whether to persevere or to pivot is to be made.

The first thing I wanted to know was how long the makeshift sign was going to last under early Fall weather. I was surprised the sign lasted three weeks before the job ticket holder was removed. (I don't know who removed it).
Conclusion: Persevere. Bus signage can probably last a few weeks in the Atlanta wild environment.

Surprisingly, there were not many scans from the QR code. The QR code was scanned less than 10 times during the three-week period, mostly for trial purposes.  It would be necessary to create more signs and point out to users to the QR code that they can use with their smartphone.
Conclusion: Persevere. QR codes are not difficult to add to a sign, we can keep them for now.

Of course, I had to reach out to MARTA to get their feedback. The entire TimelyTrip experiment would not have gone this far if MARTA's response was not encouraging from the get go.
Conclusion: Persevere. 

Conclusion of Part 1

The TimelyTrip concept looked like it could last if there was a good way to get signs at some of these bus stops. I had a minimum viable product that embodies the concept I wanted to draw new and potential rides to the bus. Now the next challenge was to get some traction, and that will be the topic for Part 2. Stay tuned!